NEW YORK, June 26, 2012 /PRNewswire/ — Reportlinker.com announces that a new market research report is available in its catalogue:
Global Markets and Technologies for Smart Glass — Focus on Transportation and Aerospace
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REPORT SCOPE
INTRODUCTION
STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
The origins of smart glass can be traced back to the year 1704, when the first electrochromic material was discovered, but interest in smart glass technology only started to gain significant momentum in the early 1970s, when the number of research activities resulting in patent applications and issued patents increased rapidly. This led to the development of improved fabrication processes, advanced properties and an increased number of applications spanning many industrial sectors.
BCC published its first report on smart glass in February 2009. Since then, the market for these materials and related products has continued to expand. New technological developments and industry changes have also taken place.
The primary goal of this report is to provide new insights into current smart glass technology, as well as to outline technological trends and offer an updated market analysis for these materials.
Specifically, the major objectives of this study are:
To provide an update review of smart glasses, including a description of their types and fabrication technologies.
To highlight new technological developments in smart glass manufacturing while outlining technical issues.
To review current fields of application for smart glass and investigate emerging applications.
To estimate current global markets for smart glass based on type, application and region, with growth forecasts through 2016 for each market segment.
To identify important technology and market trends within each market segment.
To offer an updated review of current producers of smart glass.
To determine trends in U.S. patents issued during the period from 2009 to 2011.
REASONS FOR DOING THIS STUDY
The term smart glass refers to a group of chromogenic materials that change their light transmission properties when voltages are applied. The ability of these materials to change opacity and/or color when voltages are applied has been exploited in numerous applications, including architectural use, residential and commercial construction, interior design, museum artwork expositions, high-end appliances, advanced displays, automotive mirrors and privacy glass.
In 2008, the market for smart glass-based products was valued at more than $1 billion. After several years of healthy growth, the market for smart glass experienced a slowdown in growth as a result of the global economic downturn in 2008 and 2009. Since BCC’s last report in 2009, global economic conditions have gradually improved. In addition, smart glass fabrication technologies have continued to evolve. Several new applications have been developed, whereas others are ready to exit the development stage and enter commercialization.
The principal reason for doing this study is to present a current assessment of the smart glass industry by focusing on markets and technologies, as well as to outline future trends and key developments.
There is also a need to evaluate the current status and future trends of the smart glass industry from a global standpoint. As use of smart glass-based products expands and new fields of application emerge, information on regional production, sales and supplier types becomes more valuable.
An equally important reason for undertaking this study is to provide technical insights into smart glass manufacturing by:
Providing a review of fabrication technologies.
Identifying current technical issues.
Providing an overview of the main global research and development (RD activities related to smart glass, resulting in the issuance of patents.
Illustrating the latest technological developments.
This information can assist companies in identifying opportunities for process and productivity improvements, resulting in a positive impact on future market growth.
INTENDED AUDIENCE
This study will be of primary interest to all companies that:
Manufacture, sell and distribute smart glass and smart glass-based products.
Fabricate advanced glass products.
Offer coating and lamination services for the glass industry.
Supply electrochromic materials, liquid crystals, emulsions, films and coloring chemicals.
Provide solar and heat-control devices and related instrumentation.
Offer technical and/or marketing services for architectural, residential and commercial window installation.
Provide exterior and interior design applications for the automobile industry.
This study applies to industry segments such as construction, transportation, aerospace, electronics, energy and consumer products.
The study is mainly directed toward executives, directors, operations managers, sales and marketing managers, and strategic planners working within the previously mentioned industries. Universities and research facilities may also find this study to be a good source of technical information regarding smart glass technology, materials and applications, which can be used as a baseline for new or expanded RD activities. Librarians of technical information and research centers can also use this report to provide critical data to product managers, market analysts, researchers and other professionals needing detailed and updated analysis of the smart glass industry.
SCOPE OF REPORT
This study provides an updated review of smart glass technology, including materials and fabrication processes, and identifies current and emerging applications for this technology.
BCC Research determines the current market status of smart glass, defines trends and presents growth forecasts for the next five years. The smart glass industry is also analyzed on a global basis from the standpoint of both manufacturing and consumption. In addition, technological issues, including key events and the latest process developments, are discussed.
More specifically, BCC’s market analysis is divided into eight sections.
The first section provides a historical review of smart glass technology, including an outline of recent events. The report also offers a description of current and emerging applications for smart glass.
The second section provides a technological review of smart glass types, materials and their fabrication processes. This section concludes with an analysis of the most important technological developments and improvements since 2009, including examples of significant patents recently issued or applied for.
The third section entails a global market analysis of smart glass. Global revenues (i.e. , sales data in millions of dollars are presented by product type, application and region, with actual data referring to the years 2009 and 2010, and estimates for 2011.
This section concludes with a presentation of market growth trends based on industry growth, technological trends and regional trends. Projected revenues for smart glass are reported, with forecast compound annual growth rates (CAGRs for the period 2011 through 2016.
Next, three optional sections are offered. These sections provide a more focused discussion of the smart glass market for the three main sectors in which smart glass finds application: transportation and aerospace, construction and electronics and others. In these optional sections, additional details by sector on applications, current market breakdown, industry growth and key trends and developments are provided, in addition to a market summary for the last three years and growth projections for the next five years for each application. Also included are market data by smart glass type, material and region for each sector evaluated.
In the next section, which covers global industry structure, the report offers a list of the leading manufacturers of smart glass, along with descriptions of their products. The analysis includes a description of the geographical distribution of these suppliers and an evaluation of smart glass production versus consumption, always from a geographical standpoint. Detailed company profiles of the top industry players are also provided.
The final section includes an extensive U.S. patent analysis, with a summary of patents related to smart glass materials, fabrication processes and applications issued during the period from 2009 through 2011. Patent analysis is performed by region, country, assignee, patent category, application and smart glass type.
METHODOLOGY AND INFORMATION SOURCES
To analyze the overall market and market segments, both primary and secondary research methodologies were used to obtain market data.
The technology section of this report is based on information derived from technical literature, related BCC reports, professional journals, the author’s field experience and online sources.
Global market analysis was performed by analyzing 65 manufacturers and developers of smart glass, accounting for at least 95% of the global market. Data were obtained from the direct contribution of primary sources, including company executives, managers, engineers and other technical personnel representing manufacturers, developers and users of smart glass; representatives of academia and trade associations; and industry market analysts.
Additional data for each company were obtained by thoroughly analyzing Security and Exchange Commission (SEC filings, Internet websites, annual reports, industry directories, industry magazines and catalogs, government sources and other public sources.
Secondary sources of information include, but are not limited to:
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission Filings .
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
European Patent Office.
Company websites.
Company annual reports.
Thomas Register.
Moody’s Directory.
S P Industry Survey.
Dun and Bradstreet Business Directory.
American Ceramic Society Publications.
American Chemical Society Publications.
Foreign Chamber of Commerce Directories.
Foreign Stock Exchange Listings.
In addition to utilizing these primary and secondary sources, market growth trends and forecasts were compiled by gaining additional insights from relevant financial and market information, relevant BCC reports and the author’s own in-depth and comprehensive analysis of the collected information.
ANALYST CREDENTIALS
Margareth Gagliardi, BCC’s Chief Research Analyst in Advanced Materials, has more than 25 years of experience in the field of advanced materials, specializing in ceramic formulations, materials processing and new product development. She has held management positions in both manufacturing and RD within U.S. and European firms producing electronic, mechanical, chemical and structural components. She holds a B.S. in Chemical Engineering and an M.S. in Ceramic Engineering.
Ms. Gagliardi has authored numerous BCC Research studies, including the following that are related to advanced materials, thin- and thick-film technologies, and glasses:
SMC057B Global Markets, Technologies and Materials for Thin and Ultrathin Films, 2012
AVM018G Rare Earths: Worldwide Markets, Applications, Technologies, 2012
SMC037E Sputtering Targets and Sputtered Films: Technology and Markets, 2011
SMC070A Paper-Thin Displays: Technologies and Global Markets, 2011
EGY068A Supercapacitors: Technology Developments and Global Markets, 2010
AVM014D Ceramic Matrix Composites: Technologies and Global Markets, 2010
NAN043B Nanofibers: Technologies and Developing Markets, 2010
AVM069A Photocatalysts: Technologies and Global Markets, 2010
SMC061B Atomic Layer Deposition, 2010
AVM046B Thick-Film Devices, Processes and Applications, 2010
AVM018F Rare Earths: Worldwide Markets, Applications, Technologies, 2009
AVM052B Aerogels, 2009
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1
STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 1
REASONS FOR DOING THIS STUDY 2
INTENDED AUDIENCE 2
SCOPE OF REPORT 3
METHODOLOGY AND INFORMATION SOURCES 4
RELATED BCC RESEARCH STUDIES 5
ANALYST CREDENTIALS 6
BCC ONLINE SERVICES 7
DISCLAIMER 7
CHAPTER TWO: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 8
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 8
SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET FOR SMART GLASS
PRODUCTS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS 9
SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL MARKET FOR SMART GLASS
PRODUCTS, 2009–2016 ($ MILLIONS 10
CHAPTER THREE: OVERVIEW 11
INTRODUCTION 11
CHROMOGENIC MATERIALS 11
SMART GLASS 11
GLASS AND SMART GLASS INDUSTRY 12
FIGURE 1 THE GLASS INDUSTRY: GLOBAL MARKET SHARE BY
SEGMENT, 2011 (% 12
FIGURE 1 (CONTINUED 13
MILESTONES IN THE HISTORY OF SMART GLASS AND RECENT
EVENTS 13
TABLE 1 SMART GLASS – TECHNOLOGICAL MILESTONES 13
TABLE 1 (CONTINUED 14
FIGURE 2 SMART GLASS – WORLDWIDE PATENT APPLICATIONS
AND PATENTS ISSUED SINCE 1960 15
APPLICATIONS FOR SMART GLASS 16
CONSTRUCTION 16
TRANSPORTATION AND AEROSPACE 16
ELECTRONICS 17
CONSUMER PRODUCTS 17
OPTICS AND OTHERS 17
TABLE 2 APPLICATIONS FOR SMART GLASS, 2012 17
TABLE 2 (CONTINUED 18
CHAPTER FOUR: TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS FOR SMART
GLASS 19
INTRODUCTION 19
SMART GLASS TYPES, MATERIALS AND FABRICATION
PROCESSES 19
TABLE 3 TRADITIONAL SMART GLASS TECHNOLOGIES 19
ELECTROCHROMIC DEVICES 19
Electrochromic Film 20
Inorganic Electrochromic Materials 20
Organic Electrochromic Materials 21
Electrolyte 22
Counter-Electrodes 23
Deposition Techniques 23
Features of Electrochromic Devices 23
REFLECTIVE HYDRIDES DEVICES 24
LIQUID-CRYSTAL DEVICES 24
Polymer Dispersed Liquid-Crystal Devices 25
Encapsulation 25
Phase Separation 25
Holography 26
Prefabricated Templates 26
SUSPENDED-PARTICLE DEVICES 27
LATEST TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS FROM 2009 TO
PRESENT 27
MATERIALS 27
Green Electrochromic Materials 27
Complete Color Palette with Conjugated Polymers 28
Achromatic Reflective Hydride Devices 29
Electrochromic Films Based on Nanoparticles 29
Thermoplastic Electrochromic Materials 30
Electrochromic Carbon Nanotubes 31
Red Electrochromic Material 31
Red Electrochromic … (Continued 32
FABRICATION METHODS 33
Micro-Blinds for Smart Glass 33
Electrochromic Devices Manufactured Using Layer-by-
Layer Assembly 33
Fast-Switching Solid-State Electrochromic Device by Sol-
Gel Deposition 34
Wireless-Powered Electrochromic Windows 35
Electrochromic Fibers for Flexible Devices 35
Electrochromic … (Continued 36
Electrochromic … (Continued 37
CHAPTER FIVE: GLOBAL MARKETS 38
ANALYSIS OUTLINE 38
GLOBAL MARKET SUMMARY 38
GLOBAL MARKET SUMMARY (CONTINUED 39
TABLE 4 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SMART GLASS PRODUCTS,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS 40
FIGURE 3 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SMART GLASS PRODUCTS, 2009–
2016 ($ MILLIONS 40
CURRENT MARKET STATUS 40
CURRENT MARKET SUMMARY 41
TABLE 5 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SMART GLASS PRODUCTS,
THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS 41
FIGURE 4 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SMART GLASS PRODUCTS, 2009–
2011 ($ MILLIONS 41
Revenues by Smart Glass Type 42
TABLE 6 SMART GLASS PRODUCTS: GLOBAL REVENUES BY TYPE,
THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS 43
FIGURE 5 SMART GLASS PRODUCTS: MARKET SHARE BY TYPE,
2011 (% 43
TABLE 7 PRODUCTS BASED ON ELECTROCHROMIC
TECHNOLOGY: GLOBAL REVENUES BY MATERIAL, THROUGH
2011 ($ MILLIONS 44
Revenues by Application 44
TABLE 8 SMART GLASS PRODUCTS: GLOBAL REVENUES BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS 45
FIGURE 6 SMART GLASS PRODUCTS: MARKET SHARE BY
APPLICATION, 2011 (% 45
Revenues by Region 46
TABLE 9 SMART GLASS PRODUCTS: REVENUES BY REGION,
THROUGH 2011 ($MILLIONS 46
FIGURE 7 SMART GLASS PRODUCTS: MARKET SHARE BY REGION,
2011 (% 47
MARKET GROWTH TRENDS 47
FLAT GLASS INDUSTRY 47
Flat Glass Revenues by Sector 48
TABLE 10 FORECAST – FLAT GLASS: GLOBAL REVENUES BY
SECTOR, THROUGH 2016 ($ BILLIONS 48
FIGURE 8 FORECAST – FLAT GLASS: MARKET SHARE BY SECTOR,
2011 AND 2016 (% 49
Flat Glass Revenues by Region 50
TABLE 11 FORECAST – FLAT GLASS: GLOBAL REVENUES BY
REGION, THROUGH 2016 ($ BILLIONS 50
FIGURE 9 FORECAST – FLAT GLASS: MARKET SHARE BY REGION,
2011 AND 2016 (% 51
TECHNOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRENDS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR 52
TABLE 12 TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS AND DRIVING FORCES FOR
SMART GLASS GROWTH WITHIN THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR,
2011–2016 52
TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS IN THE TRANSPORTATION
INDUSTRY 52
TABLE 13 TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS AND DRIVING FORCES FOR
SMART GLASS GROWTH WITHIN THE TRANSPORTATION
SECTOR, 2011–2016 53
ELECTRONICS 53
TABLE 14 FORECAST – ADVANCED DISPLAYS: GLOBAL REVENUES
BY TYPE, THROUGH 2016 ($ BILLIONS 54
OTHER INDUSTRY SECTORS 54
OTHER TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS 54
REGIONAL TRENDS 55
MARKET FORECAST 56
REVENUES BY APPLICATION 56
TABLE 15 FORECAST – SMART GLASS PRODUCTS: GLOBAL
REVENUES BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS 57
FIGURE 10 FORECAST – SMART GLASS PRODUCTS: MARKET
SHARE BY APPLICATION, 2016 (% 57
FIGURE 10 (CONTINUED 58
Revenues by Smart Glass Type 58
TABLE 16 FORECAST – SMARTGLASS PRODUCTS: GLOBAL
REVENUES BY TYPE, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS 59
FIGURE 11 FORECAST – SMART GLASS PRODUCTS: GLOBAL
MARKET BY TYPE, 2016 (% 59
TABLE 17 FORECAST – PRODUCTS BASED ON ELECTROCHROMIC
TECHNOLOGY: GLOBAL REVENUES BY MATERIAL, THROUGH
2016 ($ MILLIONS 60
Revenues by Region 60
TABLE 18 FORECAST – SMART GLASS PRODUCTS: REVENUES BY
REGION, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS 61
FIGURE 12 FORECAST – SMART GLASS PRODUCTS: MARKET
SHARE BY REGION, 2016 (% 61
CHAPTER SIX: TRANSPORTATION AND AEROSPACE 62
OBJECTIVE 62
SMART GLASS FOR TRANSPORTATION AND AEROSPACE 62
TABLE 19 SMART GLASS APPLICATIONS IN THE
TRANSPORTATION AND AEROSPACE SECTOR, 2012 62
CURRENT MARKET BY APPLICATION 62
TABLE 20 SMART GLASS FOR TRANSPORTATION AND
AEROSPACE: GLOBAL REVENUES BY APPLICATION, 2011 ($
MILLIONS/% 63
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON INDUSTRY GROWTH 63
CAR SUNROOFS 63
AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRONICS AND AUTO-DIMMING
MIRRORS 64
AEROSPACE 64
TABLE 21 FORECAST – AEROSPACE: GLOBAL REVENUES BY
REGION, THROUGH 2016 ($ BILLIONS 65
TABLE 22 BOEING 787 DREAMLINER – NET ORDERS AND
DELIVERIES, 2004–2012 ($ BILLIONS 65
SPACE 66
OTHER INDUSTRIES 66
RECENT INDUSTRY EVENTS AND DEVELOPMENTS 66
SWITCHABLE WINDOWS AND REARVIEW MIRRORS 67
AUTOMOTIVE SUNROOF BASED ON SPD 67
INTERACTIVE PASSENGER WINDOWS 68
SKYLIGHTS FOR MOTORHOMES 68
OLED-BASED SMART GLASS 69
MARKET SUMMARY AND FORECAST 69
REVENUES BY APPLICATION 69
TABLE 23 FORECAST – SMART GLASS PRODUCTS FOR
TRANSPORTATION AND AEROSPACE: GLOBAL REVENUES BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS 70
REVENUES BY SMART GLASS TYPE 70
TABLE 24 FORECAST – SMART GLASS PRODUCTS FOR
TRANSPORTATION AND AEROSPACE: GLOBAL REVENUES BY
TYPE, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS 71
REVENUES BY MATERIAL TYPE 71
TABLE 25 FORECAST – SMART GLASS PRODUCTS FOR
TRANSPORTATION AND AEROSPACE: GLOBAL REVENUES BY
MATERIAL, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS 72
REVENUES BY REGION 72
TABLE 26 FORECAST – SMART GLASS PRODUCTS FOR
TRANSPORTATION AND AEROSPACE: REVENUES BY REGION,
THROUGH 2016 ($MILLIONS 73
CHAPTER SEVEN: GLOBAL INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 74
GLOBAL INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 74
MANUFACTURERS OF SMART GLASS PRODUCTS 75
TABLE 27 MANUFACTURERS OF SMART GLASS PRODUCTS, 2012 75
TABLE 27 (CONTINUED 76
TABLE 27 (CONTINUED 77
TABLE 28 MANUFACTURERS OF SMART GLASS PRODUCTS BY
TYPE, 2012 78
TABLE 28 (CONTINUED 79
TABLE 29 SUPPLIERS OF SMART GLASS PRODUCTS BY TYPE AND
REGION, 2012 80
FIGURE 13 MANUFACTURERS OF SMART GLASS PRODUCTS:
DISTRIBUTION BY SIZE, 2012 81
FIGURE 14 HISTORICAL GROWTH OF MANUFACTURERS OF
SMART GLASS PRODUCTS, 1995–2012 82
NOTABLE RECENT INDUSTRY CHANGES 83
TABLE 30 NOTABLE RECENT INDUSTRY CHANGES 83
OTHER PLAYERS IN THE SMART GLASS INDUSTRY 84
TABLE 31 OTHER RELEVANT PLAYERS IN THE SMART GLASS
INDUSTRY, 2012 84
TABLE 31 (CONTINUED 85
SMART GLASS PRODUCTION BY REGION 85
TABLE 32 SMART GLASS PRODUCTS: MANUFACTURING BY
REGION, 2009–2016 (PERCENT OF SALES 86
SMART GLASS CONSUMPTION BY REGION 86
TABLE 33 SMART GLASS PRODUCTS: CONSUMPTION BY REGION,
2009–2016 (PERCENT OF SALES 87
COMPANY PROFILES 87
ACREO/PAPERDISPLAY 87
ARMOR USA 88
CITALA 89
DMDISPLAY 90
DREAM GLASS GROUP 91
E-CONTROL GLAS 91
FICOSA INTERNATIONAL 92
GEMALTO/AVESO DISPLAYS 93
GENTEX 94
Gentex (Continued 95
IGLASS PROJECTS 96
KENT DISPLAYS 97
Kent Displays (Continued 98
LICON TECHNOLOGIES 99
MAGNA INTERNATIONAL 99
Magna International (Continued 100
MURAKAMI 101
NIPPON SHEET GLASS 102
Nippon Sheet Glass (Continued 103
NTERA 104
POLYTRONIX 105
Polytronix (Continued 106
PRO DISPLAY 107
PULP STUDIO 108
RESEARCH FRONTIERS 109
SAGE ELECTROCHROMICS 110
Sage Electrochromics (Continued 111
SAINT-GOBAIN 112
Saint-Gobain (Continued 113
SCIENSTRY 114
SMART GLASS INTERNATIONAL 115
TOKAI RIKA 115
Tokai Rika (Continued 116
CHAPTER EIGHT: U S PATENT ANALYSIS 117
INTRODUCTION 117
SUMMARY OF PATENTS AWARDED, 2009–2011 117
TABLE 34 SMART GLASS – U S PATENTS, 2011 118
TABLE 34 (CONTINUED 119
TABLE 34 (CONTINUED 120
TABLE 34 (CONTINUED 121
TABLE 34 (CONTINUED 122
TABLE 35 SMART GLASS – U S PATENTS, 2010 122
TABLE 35 (CONTINUED 123
TABLE 35 (CONTINUED 124
TABLE 35 (CONTINUED 125
TABLE 35 (CONTINUED 126
TABLE 36 SMART GLASS – U S PATENTS, 2009 126
TABLE 36 (CONTINUED 127
TABLE 36 (CONTINUED 128
TABLE 36 (CONTINUED 129
GENERAL TRENDS 130
TABLE 37 SMART GLASS: U S PATENT TRENDS, 2006–2011 130
FIGURE 15 SMART GLASS: U S PATENT TRENDS, 2006-2011
(NUMBER OF PATENTS 131
TRENDS BY COUNTRY AND REGION 131
FIGURE 16 U S PATENTS RELATED TO SMART GLASS BY REGION,
2009–2011 (% 132
FIGURE 17 SMART GLASS: PATENTS BY COUNTRY, 2009–2011 (% 133
TRENDS BY ASSIGNEE 134
TABLE 38 ASSIGNEES OF U S PATENTS RELATED TO SMART
GLASS, 2009–2011 135
TABLE 38 (CONTINUED 136
FIGURE 18 SMART GLASS: SHARES OF U S PATENTS BY
ORGANIZATION TYPE, 2009–2011 (% 137
FIGURE 18 (CONTINUED 138
TRENDS BY PATENT CATEGORY 138
FIGURE 19 SMART GLASS: SHARES OF U S PATENTS BY
CATEGORY, 2009–2011 (% 139
TRENDS BY APPLICATION 139
FIGURE 20 SMART GLASS: SHARES OF U S PATENTS BY
APPLICATION, 2009–2011 (% 140
FIGURE 20 (CONTINUED 141
TRENDS BY SMART GLASS TYPE 141
FIGURE 21 SMART GLASS: SHARES OF U S PATENTS BY
MATERIAL TYPE, 2009–2011 (% 142
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Global Markets and Technologies for Smart Glass — Focus on Transportation and Aerospace
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Nicolas Bombourg
Reportlinker
Email: nicolasbombourg@reportlinker.
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